The Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced pain model is a well-established and widely used model of persistent inflammatory pain. Intraplantar injection of CFA produces robust local inflammation characterized by mechanical allodynia, thermal hypersensitivity, paw swelling, and sustained activation of inflammatory pathways, closely resembling chronic inflammatory pain conditions observed in patients.

PharmaLegacy has established a reliable CFA model with comprehensive behavioral assessment capabilities, including von Frey testing for mechanical hypersensitivity and Hargreaves testing for thermal sensitivity. These complementary endpoints enable sensitive evaluation of pain development, disease progression, and therapeutic efficacy over both acute and chronic phases of inflammation.

The translational relevance of the model has been validated using clinically established analgesics, including pregabalin, as well as investigational compounds targeting inflammatory pain pathways. The model provides a robust platform for evaluating small molecules, biologics, antibodies, oligonucleotide therapeutics, and other emerging treatment modalities.

In addition to behavioral assessments, the CFA model can be integrated with histopathology, immunohistochemistry, cytokine profiling, molecular biomarker analysis, and transcriptomic approaches to investigate inflammatory mechanisms, target engagement, and treatment responses. This platform is broadly applicable for preclinical development programs focused on inflammatory pain, arthritis-related pain, immune-mediated disorders, and chronic pain therapeutics.