Allergy & Hypersensitivity
Prime models for allergy and hypersensitivity studies.
According to a 2020 study done by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, food allergies alone in the United States lead to a total 30,000 Emergency Room visits per year, costing roughly $25 billion.
To this day, allergies still have no cures: hypersensitivity management is mainly preventive, with mitigation of symptoms when they occur. Whether you are developing a vaccine or evaluating novel immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive agents, choosing the right CRO to provide you with all the data you need is crucial. This is why we always go the extra mile at PharmaLegacy; Our highly trained-staff are available 24/7 to answer all your questions. Our allergy and hypersensitivity models are state of the art. Keep scrolling and we’ll show you some.
MODELS / SERVICES
PharmaLegacy Research Tools
Rodent Model Characteristics:
· Peak response at 24-48h, rare erythema and different numbers of lymphocytes/monocytes across different models
· High throughput and requirement for smaller quantity of compound
· Low variability between subjects using inbred animals
· Higher concentration of antigen/hapten for induction in certain strains
Measurement of Inflammatory Responses and Molecular Pharmacology:
· Ear/Paw Swelling
· Myeloperoxidase Assay (Neutrophils and Granulocytes)
· Cytokine Production: TNFα, Interferon γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, Cox-2, (ELISA or Q-PCR)
Histopathology:
· H&E staining: induration and infiltrations.
· Immunohistochemistry: specific T cell response and cell proliferation.
PharmaLegacy has three types of Oxazolone-induced DTH models:
· Oxazolone-induced DTH in ICR Mice
· Oxazolone-induced DTH in BALB/c Mice
Case Study - Oxazolone-induced DTH in ICR Mice:
Aim: Examine the effect of dexamethasone on oxazolone-induced DTH
Animal: ICR mice, female, 20-22 g
Reagent: Oxazolone; Acetone and Olive oil; Dexamethasone (Dex)
Effect of Dexamethasone on Ear Thickness
Effect of Dexamethasone on IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-a mRNA in Ears
Ear Pathology (H & E staining, x40)
Oxazolone-induced DTH in BALB/c Mice
Aim: To validate the oxazolone-induced DTH in BALB/C mice model, and to study the effect of Dexamethasone on oxazolone-induced DTH.
Animal: BALB/c mice, female, 17-19 g
Reagent: Oxazolone, Reference drug: Dexamethasone.
Dosing Schedule and Result
PharmaLegacy Research Tools
Rodent Model Characteristics:
· Peak response at 24-48h, rare erythema, and different numbers of lymphocytes/monocytes across different models
· High throughput and requirement for smaller quantity of compound
· Low variability between subjects using inbred animals
· Higher concentration of antigen/hapten for induction in certain strains
Measurement of Inflammatory Responses and Molecular Pharmacology:
· Ear/paw swelling;
· Myeloperoxidase assay (neutrophils and granulocytes);
· Cytokine production: TNFα, interferon γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, Cox-2, (ELISA or Q-PCR).
Histopathology:
· H&E staining: induration and infiltrations
· Immunohistochemistry: specific T-cell response and cell proliferation
PharmaLegacy has three types of DNFB-induced DTH models:
· DNFB-induced DTH in ICR mice (preventive or therapeutic)
· DNFB-induced DTH in wistar rats
· DNFB-induced DTH in BALB/c mice
DNFB-induced DTH in Wistar Rats
Aim: To examine the effect of dexamethasone on DNFB-induced DTH in Wistar rats
Animal: Wistar rats, male,180-200 g
Reagent: DNFB and Dexamethasone, Acetone, Olive oil, Dexamethasone tablet
Effect of dexamethasone on Ear Thickness and MPO activity
Effect of Dex on IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a mRNA in Ears
Ear Pathology (H & E Staining)
Case Study：TTx-Induced DTH in Cynomolgus Monkey
Animal: Cynomolgus monkeys, 2.5 – 3.3 kg
Material: Tetanus Toxoid (TTx) Vaccine
DTH Response in Cynomolgus Monkey
DTH expressed as skin induration on the challenged spots and treatment with topical Dex or systemic cmpd-X attenuated this response.
Skin Erythema, Edema, Indurations
Skin Histopathology Evaluation
IHC: Immune Cell Infiltrate Determination: Examination
Monocytes, B &T Cells, and NK Cells in Peripheral Blood
Similar to Dexamethasone, the cmpd-X treatment group showed a decrease in CD14+ monocytes and classical monocytes (CD14+CD16-). However, levels of activated monocytes (CD14+CD16+) and other major immune cell populations, e.g. B cells, T cells, NK cells, were not affected as compared to the vehicle group.
Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in Male BALB/c Mice
Aim: To validate passive cutaneous anaphylaxis model in male BALB/c mice.
Animal: BALB/c mice
Reagent: Anti-DNP IgE, Albumin dinitrophenyl (DNP-BSA), Evan’s Blue, Periactin
Dosing Schedule and Result
Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in Male Wistar Rats
Aim: To validate passive cutaneous anaphylaxis model in male Wistar rats.
Animal: Wistar rats
Reagent: Anti-DNP IgE, Albumin dinitrophenyl (DNP-BSA), Evan’s Blue, Periactin
Dosing Schedule and Result
The Capabilities to Succeed:
- Operations and IT structured for maximum protection of clients’ data and IP
- Capacity to house over 30,000 rodents and large animals
- On-site capacity for up to 350 non-human primates, with off-site capacity for up to 30,000 Cynomolgus and Rhesus monkeys
- 24/7 access to PharmaLegacy representatives
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