All You Need To Know About Animal Models of Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration
January 18, 2026 /Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision loss in older adults, casts a long shadow over millions of lives worldwide. Wet AMD, a subtype characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth beneath the retina, presents a particularly treacherous threat, stealing central vision with chilling swiftness. While treatments exist, they require frequent injections and don't address the root cause of the disease. Apart from antibody drugs with intravitreal injection already in the market, other modalities and dosing routes are increasingly being tested in preclinical and clinical stage to replace or supplement current treatment. This new trend requires careful selection and [...]
Application of B Cell Depletion Therapy in Autoimmune Diseases Part III: The Relationship Between Dosage and Efficacy
November 20, 2025 /B Cell Depletion Therapy (BCDT) directly targets the root cause of immune dysregulation, restoring immune homeostasis through precise intervention, thereby emerging as a revolutionary approach for autoimmune diseases. Since most BCDT agents originate from oncology applications, while autoimmune diseases and malignancies differ significantly in therapeutic objectives and mechanisms, the complex interplay among dosage, efficacy, and side effects remains a critical research focus. Recent findings presented at the December 2024 ACR Conference highlight the substantial impact of these differences on the correlation between B cell depletion depth and clinical outcomes. In previous two articles, we explored the fundamental principles and applications of BCDT in autoimmune diseases, [...]
Application of B Cell Depletion Therapy in Autoimmune Diseases: Part II
October 29, 2025 /Autoimmune diseases represent a category of disorders characterized by aberrant immune responses against self-tissues, including conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and multiple sclerosis (MS). B cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis and progression of these diseases. In recent years, B-cell depletion therapy (BCDT) has emerged as critical therapeutic strategies for autoimmune disorders. This article will describe the developmental stages of B cells and their surface antigen expression, discuss established and emerging therapeutic targets, analyze the advantages and limitations of various targeted therapies, and focus particularly on the clinical applications and prospects of monoclonal antibody therapy and CAR-T cell therapy. [...]
Application of B Cell Depletion Therapy in Autoimmune Diseases
December 27, 2024 /B cells, a pivotal component of the adaptive immune system, are crucial for antibody production and immune memory. However, when dysregulated, these cells can contribute to the development and progression of various autoimmune diseases. This article delves into the key B cell-mediated autoimmune disorders and explores the therapeutic potential of B cell depletion therapy in managing these conditions. Common B Cell-Driven Autoimmune Diseases B cells, pivotal components of humoral immunity, can become dysregulated, triggering a cascade of autoimmune diseases. In these conditions, B cells undergo aberrant proliferation and activation, leading to the production of autoantibodies and excessive cytokine release. [...]
Acute And Chronic Myopia Models
December 21, 2024 /Myopia, also known as short-sightedness or near vision impairment, is a common vision problem that typically begins in childhood and occurs when the eyes can focus clearly on nearby objects but are unable to focus on distant objects. This condition is usually caused by elongated eyeball or excessive corneal curvature, which causes incoming light to focus in front of the retina. The main causes of myopia include genetics, environmental factors such as prolonged near-point work and insufficient outdoor activity, and poor eye habits. (DOI: 10.1038/s41572-020-00231-4) Myopia is a global public health threat, especially in urban areas of East and Southeast [...]
NHP Models vs. Murine Models
December 15, 2023 /In pharmacological investigation, model selection serves as a critical determinant, which can steer the course of scientific inquiry. This blog post serves as a comparative examination between Non-Human Primate (NHP) and Murine models. Table of Contents Non-Human Primate Models Murine Models Comparative Analysis Considerations for Model Selection Recent Advancements and Alternatives Future Prospects Conclusion Additional Resources I. Non-Human Primate Models Genetic and Physiological Proximity NHP models, such as rhesus macaques and cynomolgus monkeys, share approximately 95-98% of their genetic makeup with humans[1]. This genetic similarity is particularly advantageous in pharmacological research because NHPs metabolize drugs similarly to humans. [...]